Essay on Lung Cancer - 839 Words

Smoking is the most preventable cause of death in our society. During 1995, approximately 2.1 million people in developed countries died as a result of smoking. One tobacco use is responsible for nearly one in five deaths in the United States. Lung Cancer mortality are about 23 times higher for current male smokers and 13 times higher for current female smokers compared to a lifelong never-smoker. In addition to being responsible for 87% of lung cancers, smoking is also associated with cancers of the mouth, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, pancreas, uterine cervix, kidney, and bladder. Smoking accounts for at least 29% of all cancer deaths, is a major cause of heart disease, and is associated with conditions ranging from colds and gastric†¦show more content†¦It also causes respiratory problems in nonsmokers such as, coughing, phlegm, chest discomfort, and reduced lung function. Each year, exposure to secondhand smoke causes 150,000 to 300,000 lower respiratory tract infections in U.S. infants and children younger then 18 Page 2 months of age. These infections result in 7,500 to 15,000 hospitalizations every year. Children exposed to secondhand smoke at home are more likely to have middle-ear disease and reduced lung function. Secondhand smoke increases the number of asthma attacks and the severity of asthma in about 20% of this country’s two to five million asthmatic children. The number of people who die or suffer illness because of its use, best measure tobacco costs to our society. Tobacco use also drains the US economy of more than $100 billion in health care costs and lost productivity. Tobacco costs Medicare more than $10 billion and Medicaid more than $5 billion per year. Lost economic productivity causes by smoking costs the US economy $47.2 billion in 1990. The total economic costs of smoking are more than $100 billion per year. People, who quit, regardless of age, live longer than people who continue to smoke. Smokers who quit before the age of 50 have half the risk of dying in the next 15 years compared with those who continue to smoke. Quitting smoking substantially decreases the risk of lung laryngeal, esophageal, oral, pancreatic, bladder, and cervicalShow MoreRelatedLung Cancers And Its Effects1288 Words   |  6 PagesINTRODUCTION What are lung cancers? Lung cancers are the abnormal cells which grow in uncontrolled manner in one or both lungs. They do not function as normal lung cells and do not develop into healthy lung tissue. The abnormal cells can grow, form tumours and interfere with the normal functions of the lung (Lungcancer.org, 2015). Lung cancers can be divided into two major types, namely non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancers (SCLC). NSCLC can be further classified into threeRead MoreLung Cancer1304 Words   |  6 Pages LUNG CANCER Mohamed Almasmary Bio240 Anatomy Physiology 1 4/13/14 Lung cancer is a cancer (malignancy) that originates in the tissues of the lungs or the cells lining the airways. Lung cancer originates when normal lung cells become cancer cells, usually after a series of mutations, and begin to divide out of control. Lung Cancer is a disease which consists of uncontrolled cell growth in lung tissues. Lung cancer consists of two types, Non-small cell lung cancer, and small cell lung cancerRead MoreLung Cancer1571 Words   |  7 PagesLung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world, according to the World Health Organisation. In the UK, it s the second most-frequently occurring cancer among men (after prostate cancer), accounting for 1 in 7 new cases, and the third most-frequently diagnosed cancer in women (after breast and bowel cancer) accounting for about 1 in 9 new cases. However, numbers have dropped considerably in recent times, by about 16% in the last decade alone. Dr Patrisha Macnair last medically reviewedRead MoreLung Cancer : Cancer And Cancer1315 Words   |  6 PagesLung cancer is the number one leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States. Lung cancer kills more people than any other cancer, such as; breast cancer, colon, prostate, or ovarian. There are two types of lung cancer, small cell lung cancer and non-small lung cancers. These two lung cancers grow and spread differently. Small cell lung cancer tends to spread quickly and makes up about 10-15 percent of the lung cancers. Non-small lung cancer is the most common type, it attributes to aboutRead MoreLung Cancer1476 Words   |  6 PagesThe Genetics of Lung Cancer Catherine Hayworth BIO 355A/357A June 14, 2012 Colorado Christian University Cancer can be one of the hardest battles that one must face, whether that battle is lost or won, it changes the lives of everyone involved. Lung cancer is one of the most diagnosed cancers and it affects the lining of the lungs and the ability to breathe. Lung cancer is the number one killer of men and women than any other cancer worldwide. This cancer is mostly found in smokers andRead MoreLung Cancer930 Words   |  4 PagesLung Cancer Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world, its deadly claws stretched over all continents in the world. However, lung cancer is not just a disease; it can act as a magnifying glass; many social problems and goodness of society can be revealed through the causes of lung cancer. Lung cancer is formed when the cells of the lungs grow in an uncontrolled way, this creates a lump or a tumor which can either be malignant or benign. Smoking and unhealthy diets are all causesRead MoreHealth Care For Lung Cancer1224 Words   |  5 Pages2012 there was in increase in lung cancer deaths by 3.5%, this percent is still rising in women while it’s stable in men (CDC, 2014). Nowadays, about 402,324 Americans have lung cancer. In 2014, the newly diagnosed lung cancer cases are 224,210, they represent 13% of all cancer diagnosis (ACS, 2014). Lung cancer affects old people and always they diagnosed in the last five years of their life. Around 80% of people who live with lung cancer their ages more than 60 years (USNIH, 2011). In KentuckyRead MoreCause And Effect Of Lung Cancer Essay1334 Words   |  6 Pages Lung cancer is one of the most lethal cancer known throughout the world. The most common suspect of that is smoking, then what happens to the people who inhales the smokers’ smoke? Are they also at risk for developing lung cancer from being a victim? The answer to that right now is that secondhand smoke alone is just a risk factor, there are no evidence right now that currently show that secondhand smoke alone can cause lung cancer by itself. This means that we need to encourage studies that areRead MoreCause And Effect Of Lung Cancer1612 Words   |  7 PagesIn addition, since emphysema is said to be one of the causes of lung cancer, it can be said that smoking is also related to lung cancer. As is well known, currently, there are no effective treatment for cancer. Smoking habit is the main cause of lung cancer. The probability of a smoker becoming lung cancer is said to be about ten times more than that of a non-smoker. Also, smoking hurts their own DNA, that is, the risk o f lung cancer extends to offspring. There may be people who think smoking cessationRead MoreEssay about Lung Cancer1455 Words   |  6 PagesCancer of the lung was nearly nonexistent in the early 1900’s. By the middle of the 20th century an epidemic became apparent throughout the United States and the rest of the world. It is primarily correlated with the widespread abundance of cigarette smoking in the world. The tobacco industry has multiplied its production immediately prior to World War I. There was a typical 20 to 30 year lagging period between the initiation of cigarette smoking and the actual tumor formation in the lungs. Lung

Changes and continuities of Roman empire - 1432 Words

Between 500 BCE and 500 CE, the Roman civilization experienced changes both politically and culturally. Firstly, Rome’s government transitioned from a Republic to an Empire. Later, that empire was split into two parts; east and west. In terms of changes in culture, it was impacted by the shift in religion, as the Romans shifted from polytheism to monotheism. Despite all the changes, Rome still remained culturally diverse. The Romans overthrew the Etruscans in 509 B.C.E. The Etruscans had ruled over the Romans for hundreds of years. Once free, the Romans established a republic, a government in which citizens elected representatives to rule on their behalf. The highest positions in the government were held by two consuls who†¦show more content†¦It was this refusal that caused its practice to be illegal and those who chose to stick with the faith were prosecuted. Although people were being killed for practicing, Christianity started to become even more popular. After se eing Christian martyrs risk their lives for the sake of Christianity, many Romans were compelled and attracted to the faith. Also, there were Apostles who traveled around the empire spreading the message of Christianity. Then in 312 CE, Emperor Constantine proposed the Edict of Milan that banned all laws against Christianity. That allowed people to freely worship, without the fear of harsh punishment. He eventually converted on his deathbed. Then in 392 CE, Emperor Theodosius made Christianity the official religion of Rome. Christianity went from being an illegal religion to the official religion of the Roman Empire. At the height of its power, Rome controlled the greatest empire ever seen in Europe at that time. Many of the conquered nations benefited from Rome. Roman public baths, roads, water supplies, all appeared in Western Europe. The sheer size of the empire was a major reason for the collapse of Rome. In AD 284, the Emperor Diocletian divided the Roman Empire in two parts to make it easier to rule. He created the Western Empire and the Eastern Empire, each with its own leader. Diocletian faced more than just administrative problems. More andShow MoreRelatedTiberius- Roman Empire1507 Words   |  7 Pagescontributions to the Roman Empire during his reign†¦ The Julio-Claudian dynasty refers to the first five  Roman Emperors:  Augustus, Tiberius,  Caligula  (also known as Gaius),  Claudius, and  Nero and the family to which they belonged. They ruled the  Roman Empire  from its formation, in the second half of the 1st century 27 BC, until AD 68, when the last of the line,  Nero, committed suicide. The ancient historical writers,  Suetonius  and  Tacitus, write from the point of view of the Roman senatorial aristocracyRead MoreContinuity and Change over Time Essay: Rome from 100 CE to 600 CE Continuity and Change over Time Essay: India from 300 CE to 600 CE 1014 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Continuity and Change over Time E ssay: India from 300 CE to 600 CE Things that stayed the same in India from 300 CE to 600 CE were the Gupta rule, the caste system, Hinduism, scientific advances, and trade. Things that changed during this period were the fall in popularity of Buddhism, the decline in Silk Road trade, and the fall of the Gupta. Things that stayed the same in India from 300 CE to 600 CE were the Gupta rule, the social structure, the most popular religion, and the wealth generatedRead MoreAs a religious/philosophical system, Christianity is one of the most prominent on Earth today. From700 Words   |  3 Pagestoday. From 30A.D. to 1000A.D., Christianity had undergone some of its most vigorous changes while maintaining its core qualities through the Apostolic/Ante-Nicene Period, the First Seven Ecumenical Councils, and the Middle Ages. During Christianity’s beginning in the Apostolic/Ante-Nicene Period, the most obvious changes took place while it also maintained some aspects of its Jewish heritage. Of course the first change away from Christianity’s Jewish past was the converting of Jesus’s followers to theRead MoreThe Change to Trade Routes Over Time926 Words   |  4 PagesChristianity, Buddhism and an upstart known as Islam. Although Christianity and Buddhism were well established by this time, the growth of Islam was a catalyst to many of the changes about to occur, such as new trade partners. Christianity and Buddhism were continuities, whereas a new religion called Islam was an example of change. In 622 C.E., Islam was founded which helped flourish trade. The founding of Islam amplified trade because Islam linked Swahili city-states to the larger Indian Ocean whichRead MoreCCOT 1 -Economic Activity Essay703 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿CCOT Eurasia developed an integrated network of economic activity by the year 1200 C.E.. Between 1000 BCE and 1200 CE, it expanded greatly. The principle relied heavily on changes in trade networks, governmental alliances, religion and the continuity of warfare and social hierarchies. Trade networks are crucial to any economic scenario. They allow for the free flow of goods and services to be carried out over wide expanses of land and both within and throughout cultures. Examples of this are mostRead MoreSilk Road1687 Words   |  7 Pagesoccurred along the Silk Road from 200 B.C.E. to 1450 C.E., one can conclude that changes and continuities in these interactions included products traded (changes in specific products and impact, continuity in luxury goods), cultural expressions and diffusion (changes in artistic expressions and societal impacts, continuity in diffusion), and religion (changes in the religions that traveled and impact, continuity in spread of religion along the trade route ). One of the patterns of interactionRead MoreRoman Ethnography : Bias Of The Roman Empire1014 Words   |  5 PagesRoman Ethnography: Bias of the Roman Empire The Roman ethnographies, interpretations of outside cultures, on the tribes people they encountered during the Empire’s expansion reveal more about unique Roman characteristics than the characteristics of the barbarian tribes. The Roman Empire was vast, densely populated, and militarily, politically and socially sophisticated. This structure created shared customs, religious beliefs, orders, values, and goals for all Roman citizens. During theRead MoreCcot Europe 600-1750 Essay1003 Words   |  5 PagesContinuity Change Over Time (CCOT) Essay Europe 600-1750 Taylor Question: analyze the social and economic continuities and changes that occurred in Europe between 600 and 1750. During the time period between 600 and 1750, economic and social continuities and changes impacted Western Europe immensely. One particular economic alteration was the decline of feudal manoralism, prevalent in the early medieval era, as a result of the restoration of commerce following the Crusades. AnotherRead MoreThe Public Life of Monuments1300 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent eras of the Roman empire,† Evolution of commemoration over time, relationship between Romans and their monuments. Explore the effects of monuments on public memory and visitor perception. Explore how a collection was â€Å"lived and experienced† †¢ Main Questions: â€Å"How did the collection of images and inscriptions shape public memory (and forgetting)? How did visitors perceive it? How did they appropriate it, and to what historical conclusions, what understanding of the Roman empire, might its viewersRead MoreThe Postclassical Period2238 Words   |  9 Pagesï » ¿ CCOT 2012 Changes and continuities from the classical to the post-classical cover a wide range of political, cultural, religious and economic shifts as populations grew and societies became more complex. The classical empires of Rome, Han China, Gupta India and Archaemenid Persia fell due to external and internal forces and were replaced by the larger empires of the post classical Byzantine; Tsui, Tang and Song in China and the Caliphates in Persia. Only India

Social Science & Medicine

Question: Discuss about the Social Science Medicine. Answer: I do most agree with Administrator B, according to nursing code of ethics, nurses are expected to give quality care for all the people equally without discrimination, nurses ought to respect others and be kind to them however how much they have gone astray. People tend to make choices, which turn out to be negative and we cant turn away them or victimise them for these decisions, we must show compassion and love and offer assistance to them.. Care accorded, should be respected and treated with dignity in order to be impartial and honest in provided care. People view health care as source of saviour whenever encountered with disease or any ailment regarding their health behaviour. We need to treat them with love and change their behaviour in a brotherly manner that brings harmony and building on public trust and confidence. Health care resources in health care should be distributed as per the need, and needs to be equitably shared. When justice is applied in sharing health care resources the happiness of the greater public is secured. Resource allocation should be based on preventive medicine then curative medicine, ( Angelis , Kanavos Montibeller , 2016), however the immediate problem right now is curative approach to health care medicine, a tight balancing act should be observed, as the health f the future is as critical as the current health status of the people, (Lan, Sarkies, Martin Haines, 2016). Health care needs to be sustainable and economical; the only way of being economical is by preventive further occurrences of diseases and treat the current ones. Health services should be rationed as the problem of health fiscal ability is still at large. Currently the worlds population is currently growing steadily, and meeting the needs of these population has proven up task for health planners and professionals. When resources are limited, health services thus will be ration to meet the demands of the other citizens. Rationing should be made based on based on priority of health care needs of the people. An important aspect in rationing is involving all the stakeholders, including the marginalised group where an all inclusive framework is used as a guide on this process, ( McKie, Singer Richardson, 2016). References Lane, H., Sarkies, M., Martin, J., Haines, T. (2016). Equity in healthcare resource allocation decision making: A systematic review. Social Science Medicine. Angelis, A., Kanavos, P., Montibeller, G. (2016). Resource Allocation and Priority Setting in Health Care: A Multi?criteria Decision Analysis Problem of Value?. Global Policy. McKie, J., Singer, P., Richardson, J. (2016). The allocation of health care resources: an ethical evaluation of the'QALY'approach. Routledge.

Projected Progression of Prevalence of Obesity †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Projected Progression of Prevalence of Obesity. Answer: Introduction: There are numerous amount of study has been done to find out the relation between the obesity and socio-economic status in different parts of the world and few of them are mentioned below. The World Bank is funding numerous amount of researches that has found facts that can help to find out the relation between economic status and obesity. However, those researches has several research gaps, related to the methodology, selection of participants and method of evaluation, data collection and analysis that decreases the effectiveness of the project. According to Dinsa et al. (2012), they studies the obesity pattern in low income and middle-income nations and tried to find out the SES and its effect on obesity. The study uses different SES indicators to relate the SES to obesity; first SES indicator was wealth and income and second was educational status. Hence, the outcome depicted different patterns for both these things and resulted in a confusing outcome, where wealth SES is related to obesity but the educational level is not. This was the first research gap of this literature, as the SES level is directly related to obesity. In another study done by Gibbs and Forste (2014), researchers were to find out the reason of obesity in the children belonging to low SES society. They carried out surveys in those areas, where the children were growing up and were getting affected to obesity. The team of the researchers find out that the both indications of SES that is wealth and income and educational level is responsible for the obesity in children. From infancy, the children are not breast fed, as the economic status of the mother was not very good to be able to consume nutritional product. Hence, the children lack the advantages of breast-feeding and developed obesity in them. However, the research lacks a proper method to assess the perfect result for the study, such as a proper data collection method or data interpretation method (Hillier-Brown et al., 2014). Further, in a study the researchers looked for BMI differences across the state irrespective of race, gender, creed, ethnicity, age and socio-economic status in the United States of America (Grabner, 2012). The researchers analyzes micro-level of data and collected them from the three reputed data centers of the states. They analyzes the data of socio-economic status, both based on wealth and based on educational level. They estimated the BMI time trends, increase and decrease trends, distributional shifts and incremental associations with SES. The results they acquired indicated that women has higher rate of SES-BMI effect on their obesity than men do. Hence, they identified the relation of obesity and higher or lower SES level. however, the research gap was still persisting in such researches as the researchers were not focusing on the fact that affected population is aware of obesity and the reason of it or not. Therefore, this research also lacked the information about the reason of obesity. All these research articles were focused to find out the relation between socio-economic status and obesity and were destined to find out what are the SES indicators that determine this trend. This leads to research gap in their project. The prime aim of this research proposal is to find out the proposed research question within the proposed budget and timeframe. This research will focus on the assessed research gaps present in the abovementioned research articles and will try to comply with the proposed research questions. Further, the methodology will be population-based study where the common Australians will participate in the assessment process. Data collection and analysis will be simple and effective and from the finding, it will be easier to interpret the research questions. Research plan and methodology (Including ethical consideration) The research aim in this case has been decided from the commencement of the project. The prime aim is to determine the relation between SES and obesity, reason of obesity if the younger generation is aware of the adverse effects of inactivity and unhealthy lifestyle. These research aims need specific objectives to find out the reason behind the level of SES affecting the Australian youth (Kasahara et al., 2014). The research strategy is to target the younger generation as obesity is affecting their capabilities to perform and make changes in the benefit of Australia. A specific location will be chosen or an online survey will be conducted to implement the research strategy and then intervention, coming out of the survey will be applied to connect to the youth as obesity make people shy, stressed and alone. Therefore, such youth will be pushed to come out and speak about their problem and the reason of their condition (Steyerberg et al., 2013). This will let those common people understand that obesity is curable and can be cured completely. After that, those young participants will be made to fill a questionnaire consisting of questions that can clear their level of inactivity and unhealthy lifestyle. These questionnaires will be distributed to a large section of young people of every community to understand the SES level of that community. This research will continue for 6 months and will co ver the entire community. Resources are also important factor to take the research to a number of people so that they understand the severity of the problem and take part in the process to overcome it. In this case, the resources chosen are social medial and mass media to explain the population about the severity of the disorder. Further, those campaigns in social and mass media will appeal the population in that research area to take part in the research intervention. Other resources will be research camps around the research city or in municipal corporation offices to carry out surveys and interviews (Punch, 2013). A quantitative method has been chosen to find out the proposed research questions, for the proposed research proposal. Quantitative methodology find out the results using interventions in which quantity determines the success or failure of it (Cohen, Manion Morrison, 2013). The quantitative method that has been chosen for the research is a population based approach including surveys and questionnaire to talk to as much as survivor to find out a concise data. The surveys of this process will consist 10 to 15 closed ended questions that the participants will be answering. Their answer will be with minimum bias and truthful, as they will not be informed about the process. Data Collection This intervention will continue for 5 months. The first month of the research will be completely dedicated to advertisements, recruitment and publicity of the research as the research needed as many people to come out from different SES level and take part in the process. After wards, the five month after the planning phase will be dedicated to implementation and intervention for the research project. A health expert to understand their knowledge about obesity and its effect on health will interview the participants coming out of their house and speaking about the health problem. the data collection will be done by recruiting people for collecting data. The expert will also try to figure out the reason for the participants inactiveness in daily life. After the patient fills the survey form, the data will be collected and will be stored according to the locality. the question will be based on participants lifestyle, their food and diet habit, activities and their knowledge about health and wellbeing. The collected data will be assessed depending on the location from which they have been collected. Further, the data will be arranged according to their location at first. Then the response to each closed ended question will be collected simultaneously to understand the average response to that question. This same procedure will be followed for the entire survey set so that the average trend for that research question can be obtained. Ethical consideration Researchers differ widely on ethical issue during research procedure. The difference is about the dos and donts of research study and hence, ethical consideration become important in case of research proposals. Ethics apply at each step of the research study such as taking consent, applying methods that does not harm any individual. The prime reason to uphold the research ethics while continuing with some research is just because of Goodwill and Trust (Ritchie et al., 2013). Goodwill of the individual participants, who contribute in the research procedure and volunteer to find out the research question with their own behavior, attitude, awareness and support. Trust is also a factor that let researchers explain the entire research to the participants so that they can participate freely in the research. Hence, these ethical values need to be present in both the stakeholders of a successful research (Harriss Atkinson, 2013). In this research proposal as well, ethical consideration has been prioritized as the participants deserves every right to know what they will go through and what process the researchers will be following to get their answers. The researchers will take of different ethical considerations such as- consent, privacy and confidentiality, deception, protection from harm, data protection, affiliation and conflicts of interest. These ethical sections will help to complete an independent and concise research; consequences of violating research will lead to punishments from the government and the research license will be ceased (Lehnert, Park Singh, 2015). The first priority of this research will be asking about the consent from the participants, as it is the most important step before any population based research project. After that, the researchers will undertake a training session of the participants so that they understand about the research procedure and methodology. To carry out an unbiased and effective survey, experienced healthcare professionals will be hired. Therefore, this will be the ethical consideration for the proposed research article. References Au, N., Hauck, K., Hollingsworth, B. (2013). The relationship between smoking, quitting smoking and obesity in Australia: a seemingly unrelated probit approach.Applied Economics,45(16), 2191-2199. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2017).Overview.Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Retrieved from https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports-statistics/behaviours-risk-factors/overweight-obesity/overview Cohen, L., Manion, L., Morrison, K. (2013).Research methods in education. Routledge. https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=enlr=id=mLh0Oza3V1ICoi=fndpg=PR3dq=research+methodology+and+its+significanceots=SOBTFmxbsqsig=vfuf0uvCRwtBepFAW__3FQWN5es#v=onepageq=research%20methodology%20and%20its%20significancef=false Dinsa, G. D., Goryakin, Y., Fumagalli, E., Suhrcke, M. (2012). Obesity and socioeconomic status in developing countries: a systematic review.Obesity reviews,13(11), 1067-1079. Gibbs, B. G., Forste, R. (2014). Socioeconomic status, infant feeding practices and early childhood obesity.Pediatric obesity,9(2), 135-146. Grabner, M. (2012). BMI trends, socioeconomic status, and the choice of dataset.Obesity facts,5(1), 112-126. Harriss, D. J., Atkinson, G. (2013). Ethical standards in sport and exercise science research: 2014 update.International Journal of Sports Medicine,34(12), 1025-1028. Hillier-Brown, F. C., Bambra, C. L., Cairns, J. M., Kasim, A., Moore, H. J., Summerbell, C. D. (2014). A systematic review of the effectiveness of individual, community and societal level interventions at reducing socioeconomic inequalities in obesity amongst children.BMC public health,14(1), 834. Karnik, S., Kanekar, A. (2012). Childhood obesity: a global public health crisis.International journal of preventive medicine,3(1), 1. Kasahara, N., Nakamura, I., Machida, H., Nakamura, H. (2014). Research plan on failure modes by extreme loadings under design extension conditions.ASME, PVP PVP2014-28349. Lehnert, K., Park, Y. H., Singh, N. (2015). Research note and review of the empirical ethical decision-making literature: Boundary conditions and extensions.Journal of Business Ethics,129(1), 195-219. Punch, K. F. (2013).Introduction to social research: Quantitative and qualitative approaches. Sage. Ritchie, J., Lewis, J., Nicholls, C. M., Ormston, R. (Eds.). (2013).Qualitative research practice: A guide for social science students and researchers. Sage. Steyerberg, E. W., Moons, K. G., van der Windt, D. A., Hayden, J. A., Perel, P., Schroter, S., ... PROGRESS Group. (2013). Prognosis Research Strategy (PROGRESS) 3: prognostic model research.PLoS medicine,10(2), e1001381. Walls, H. L., Magliano, D. J., Stevenson, C. E., Backholer, K., Mannan, H. R., Shaw, J. E., Peeters, A. (2012). Projected progression of the prevalence of obesity in Australia.Obesity,20(4), 872-878.

Scarlet Letter Essays (1059 words) - English-language Films

Scarlet Letter The achievement of simplicity in life never occurs because things are not simple, but manifold, being viewed differently, and speaking more than one purpose. Nathaniel Hawthorne journeys to seventeenth century Boston and introduces Hester Prynne as he makes his awareness of this idea evident. Through The Scarlet Letter, Hawthorne presents the complexity of life's components whether they appear as simple as an embroidered letter or as intricate as a life changing circumstance. The focus on sin and the consequences and atonement that follow exemplify Hawthorne's tragic moral vision. A moral vision dealing directly with human nature through Hawthorne's own creation of Hester Prynne provokes this idea, this problematic truth. A woman publicly acknowledged for what her society held as a grave sin stands before them. She begins her journey, a journey that will forever change the views of not only her fellow characters, but also those to whom Hawthorne tries to reach through his writing. In this journey, meet a woman who's weakness became her strength, who was looked upon in ways as changing as the seasons. Hester Prynne and the scarlet letter, standing not only as character and prop, but also as universal defendants of the idea of multiple views, are tools for the exploration of this truth. Through just three different perspectives, Hester and her scarlet letter can sustain the ideology presented by Hawthorne and contribute to its acceptance. They do so as regarded by the townspeople, Hawthorne, and Hester herself. The citizens of Boston deem two manifest opinions of Hester and the letter: that notion from the opening scene, which differs greatly that by mid-novel. As Hester walks out into the marketplace for the satisfaction of the townspeople, they immediately evince their cold and unsparing attitude toward this woman. The letter A was to be worn as a punishment, to be worn in shame, to be worn as "adulteress." The Puritan community was a dark, strict society, feeling indifferent to the humanness of the woman standing before them on the scaffold, with her infant daughter against her chest. The beautifully sewn letter does not glow in the eyes of the people. The letter shapes the way they look at Hester and the way they treat her. They isolate Hester socially and geographically, which ultimately causes her own emotional isolation. However, that attitude does change. The very townspeople who once condemned her now believed her scarlet A to stand for her ability to create her beautiful needlework and for her unselfish assistance to the poor and sick. They now saw it as a "symbol of her calling. Such helpfulness was found in her- so much power to do and power to sympathize-that many people refused to interpret the scarlet A by its original signification," (Hawthorne 156) and now believed it to represent the concept of "able." At this point, many the townspeople realized what a high quality character Hester possessed. They would call to each other, "Do you see that woman with the embroidered badge? It is our Hester-the town's Hester..." (157). The changing attitudes in her society did eventually see the brave, strong woman Hester always had been. However, they never would know what it was like to be the person who bore that scarlet letter. Hester knew the A's significance in her own life to be much different from what was viewed by others. Only Hester herself felt the letter on her chest. Only Hester felt the change that came over her in those seven years. Walking out to the scaffold that first day, Hester behaved as the brave, integrity-filled woman that she knew she was all along. She did not attempt to conceal the symbol that she wore, for she knew there was nothing to hide. Although Hester is clearly not a Puritan, she does show respect for the Puritan code. She fully acknowledges her sin and she boldly displays it to the world. This face of the A is a model of"acceptance," a symbol of Hester's respect for herself, and for her life. Hester did not plan to commit the sin of adultery, because it was not a sin of lust in her eyes; it was an act of love. Her salvation lies in the truth, the truth of love and passion. Hester's pride sustains her from the opening scene until she dies, still bearing the scarlet A. Hester's acceptance transformed the scarlet letter to being much more than a symbol, it was a guide, "...her passport into regions where other women dared not tread. Shame, Despair, Solitude! These had been

Definition and Examples of Metadiscourse

Definition and Examples of Metadiscourse Metadiscourse is an umbrella term for words used by a writer or speaker to mark the direction and purpose of a text. Adjective:  metadiscursive. Derived from the Greek words for beyond and discourse, metadiscourse can be  broadly defined as discourse about discourse, or as  those aspects of texts  that affect the relations of authors to readers (Avon Chrismore, Talking With Readers, 1989). In Style:  The Basics of Clarity and Grace (2003), Joseph  M. Williams notes that in academic writing, metadiscourse appears most often in introductions, where we announce intentions: I claim that . . ., I shall show . . ., We begin by . . . and again at the end, when we summarize: I have argued . . ., I have shown . . ., We have claimed . . .. Explanations of Metadiscourse Some of our most common and useful metadiscourse signals are the conjunctive adverbs . . .: however, so, nevertheless, and prepositional phrases such as in other words, in addition, and in fact. Other text connectors youre familiar with, such as first, in the first place, second, next, finally, and in conclusion, clearly add to the ease of reading, the flow of the text.(Martha Kolln, Rhetorical Grammar: Grammatical Choices, Rhetorical Effects. Pearson, 2007)Metadiscourse reveals the writers awareness of the reader and his or her need for elaboration, clarification, guidance and interaction. In expressing an awareness of the text, the writer also makes the reader aware of it, and this only happens when he or she has a clear, reader-oriented reason for doing so. In other words, drawing attention to the text represents a writers goals relative to an assessment of the readers need for guidance and elaboration.(Ken Hyland, Metadiscourse: Exploring Interaction in Writing. Continuum, 2005) Writers and Readers Metadiscourse refers to the writers thinking and writing: We will explain, show, argue, claim, deny, suggest, contrast, summarize . . .the writers degree of certainty: it seems, perhaps, undoubtedly, I think . . .   (We call these hedges and intensifiers.)the readers actions: consider now, as you might recall, look at the next example ...the writing itself and logical connections among its parts: first, second, third; to begin, finally; therefore, however, consequently...   (Joseph  M. Williams,  Style:  The Basics of Clarity and Grace. Longman, 2003) Metadiscourse as Commentary Every student who has silently suffered a course of lectures, surreptitiously watching the clock, . . . knows what metadiscourse is, although the word may be quite unfamiliar. Metadiscourse is Last week and Now I propose to turn to and What are we to understand by this? and If I may put it metaphorically, all the way through to And so to conclude... followed by Finally... and Next week we shall go on to examine ...[M]etadiscourse is a kind of commentary, made in the course of speaking or writing. The essential feature of this commentary is that it is not appended to the text, like a footnote or a postscript, but is incorporated with it, in the form of words and phrases fitted into the unfolding message...Now many of the words and phrases we characterize, in their context, as metadiscourse quite obviously function as marks of text structure, or taxis, while as many again seem to occur as explanatory or corrective comments on diction and style, that is, lexis.(Walter Nash, An Uncommon Tongue: The Uses and Resources of English. Taylor Francis, 1992) Metadiscourse as a Rhetorical Strategy Definitions of metadiscourse that rely upon a clear-cut distinction between discourse (content) and metadiscourse (non-content) are ... shaky. Especially when analysing naturally-occurring speech, it cannot be assumed that all forms of communication about communication can be adequately separated from communication itself...Instead of defining metadiscourse as a level or plane of language, or a distinct unit separate from primary discourse, metadiscourse can be conceptualised as a rhetorical strategy used by speakers and authors to talk about their own talk (Chrismore 1989: 86). This is essentially a functional/discourse-oriented as opposed to a formally-oriented view.​(Tamsin Sanderson, Corpus, Culture, Discourse. Narr Dr. Gunter, 2008)

Security Planning and Assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Security Planning and Assessment - Essay Example One specific example of sustainable planning is the requirement that programs, policies, practices and processes are integrated across levels of authority-that is, everyone should know about it. According to EDAW (1999):   One of the lingering concerns of U.S. Department of Homeland Security is whether or not the department should assume protection duties for private-sector critical infrastructure facilities (which includes cargo terminals, utility plants, food stocks, and laboratories). The Department already has a plan on protecting even private infrastructure. According to the Homeland Security Website (n.d.): The National Infrastructure Protection Plan (NIPP) and supporting Sector-Specific Plans (SSPs) provide a coordinated approach to critical infrastructure and key resources (CI/KR) protection roles and responsibilities for federal, state, local, tribal, and private sector security partners. The NIPP sets national priorities, goals, and requirements for effective distribution of funding and resources which will help ensure that our government, economy, and public services continue in the event of a terrorist attack or other disaster. Risk management framework establishing processes for combining consequence, vulnerability, and threat information to produce a comprehensive, systematic, and rational assessment of national or sector risk. ( from the Homeland Security Website, n.d.). The government should indeed play a part in protecting even private-sector infrastructures, as long as it does not interfere with the internal system. I think that, as long as the principles of this branch of the government are in-line with the principles of the private sector, misunderstandings due to conflict of interests will not arise. We cannot ensure that the private security agencies can adequately meet the needs of the company, especially if most of its activities require public interaction-which is the concern of the Department of Homeland Security. The Department should indeed assume protection duties, as long as it does not impair the private sectors internal system.  If I am a security manager of a nuclear power plant, and I have observed that my security officers and planners have little regard for each other, I will address the matter immediately-so as not to risk the security of the power plant. Being a security manager, and having to re-conciliate different views an d opinions from security officers and security planners will not be easy.

Assignment One Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Assignment One - Essay Example However, in order to improve the safety standard at the workplace, necessary legislation pertaining to health in the workplace had to be introduced to ensure that safety standards are maintained. This is what led to the enactment of Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970. The act established the Occupational Safety and Health administration (OSHA) under the command of the US department of Labor to publicize and enforce safety and health standards so as to protect employees at work. It is reported that more than two hundred local OSHA offices have so far been established in the US to enforce protective standards and implement outreach programs to employees and their employers. Rial-Gonzalez et al., (2005) notes that OSH mainly focuses on the maintenance and promotion of health and working capacity of workers; enhancing working environment and work to be conducive for workers, and to develop work organization and cultures in a manner that supports safety and heath at work. This hel ps in promoting positive social climate that allows for smooth operation, which enhances productivity of the undertaking. Nevertheless, the question that one may ask ism, â€Å"What are the factors that might have influenced the development of OSH at the international, Federal and state level?† This paper will discuss the factors argued to have contributed to the development of Occupational Safety and Health at the international, federal and state level. Data obtained from ILO, in 1919 estimates that the global fatality level from work-related diseases and injuries stand at approximately 2 million annually. The statistics also showed that annual rates of such diseases and injuries are on a decline in most industrialized nations while increasing in less-developed countries. In overall, the yearly rate of fatal and non-fatal accidents is projected at 270 million with close to 160 million workers having been found to suffer from work-related diseases. What is worrying to

Individual Financial Planning Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Individual Financial Planning - Case Study Example They expect to live for the next 25 years. Their estimated capital at the time of retirement will be $ 474,780.44. My advice is to invest this capital in the ratio of 60: 40 in investment grade bonds and high dividend payout equity stocks. That means 60% or $ 284,868.264 should be invested in investment grade bonds. 40% or $ 189,912.176 should be invested in equity stocks. The annual yield of investment grade bonds estimated by me is 6.6% (based on historical yields). The annual returns of equity stocks estimated by me (based on historical returns) are 18%. This investment will give the clients an annual income of $ $ 52,985.4971 per annum and fulfill their investment objectives. Why is my advice appropriate? My advice is appropriate for you because: i) It will enable you to achieve your investment objective of earning a yearly income of $ 50,000 in the years after your retirement. ii) It is within your risk preferences. iii) It will create a diversified portfolio. iv) It also leaves aside capital for the clients to pursue their hobbies of camping and traveling. Risks in my advice: The main disadvantages of my investment advice are: 1) The actual returns on the investments in equity stocks may be different from the estimated ones. This is due to the inherent market risks. 2) The estimated yield on investment grade bonds may be different from the historical yields. What else do you need to know? ( Fee and Commission) Why should you trust me? I have extensive experience in financial planning. Over the years I have acquired for myself a reputation of ethical professional behavior. I have supported my every advice in this statement with clear and transparent reasons. Based on my track record, my professional qualifications and competence, I see no reason why you should not trust me. Fee & Commission: My fee for preparing this advice is $ 7000. In case the clients decide to follow my advice and allow me to manage their investment portfolio, I will charge a managemen t fee of 1% of the portfolio size, per annum. Section 1: Important Information about you: Your goals and objectives: Investment objectives of the clients: An after-tax income of $ 50,000 per annum after retirement. The clients are spouses. Their current age is 50 years. Both of them intend to retire at the age of 60. They expect to live till the age of 85. The clients also want to have access to some initial capital so that they can pursue their hobbies of camping and traveling after their retirement years Your personal information: Client and Spouse: Item Client Spouse/Partner Title Mr Mrs Surname Halfpenny Halfpenny Given & preferred names Robert (Bob) Dina (Din) Home address 12 Median St, Urbania, NSW Ditto Business address - - Contact phone 02 49 888444 (H) - Age 50 yrs 50 yrs Smoker Yes No ? Yes No ? Expected retirement age 60 yrs 60 yrs Your financial information: Employment Details, Income & Expenditure Employment Details: Item Client Spouse/Partner Occupation Production Supe rvisor Astrologer Employment Status Self employed ? Employee Self employed ? Employee Not employed Pensioner Not employed Pensioner ? Permanent Part-time Permanent ? Part-time Casual Contractor Casual Contractor Business Status Sole trader Partnership Sole trader Partnership Private co. Trust Private co. Trust Other information, notes, questions: Dina has worked within a clairvoyant practice for a few years now and her pay is $14,500

Child abuse: Cause and effects

Child abuse: Cause and effects Child Abuse Cause and Effects Abstract Child abuse is one of major problem faced by many children around the world and its take the attention of all nations. Children can be abused by different people like parents, strangeness, and member of their families, teachers and other children at school or in the community. Regardless who are the abusers, causes and effects are all same like any other abuse. Child abuse can be categorized into four types: physical abuse, psychological abuse, sexual abuse and neglect. Each type has different causes and different effects on child life and on the community. In this paper I will highlight the causes and effects of it .The causes can be due to poverty, family stress, abuse of substances (drugs, alcohol ) and psychological problems. The effects depend on the type of the cause and it can be divided into three categories which can be seen in the individual and reflect in the community. These are Emotional effects, physical effects and behavioral effects. Treatment of child abuse after the recognition of the causes and its effect is important and before that the prevention or stopping it is the chief of all. There are several clear steps everybody especially the family need or must to follow it. Child Abuse Cause and Effects Children are a gift from Goad to every parents dreaming of having a child. They have the right to be loved and treated will, unfortunately; still there are those who are suffering from abuse in the extremely sense of the word. It is also difficult to imagine that any person would purposely cause harm on any child .The word abuse is define as make a bad or wrong use of (Oxford Advanced, Learner Dictionary, 1977, P.4) and a child is defined by the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) as Every human being below the age of 18 years unless under the law applicable under the child majority is attained earlier.Barent Barnet stated , Much as we might like to believe otherwise, child abuse is wide-spread.(Barent Barnet,1998) (P1207). There are several terms used by different agencies regarding child abuse. The United state Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) define child abuse or maltreatment as any act or series of acts of commission or omission by a parent or other car egiver that results in harm, potential for harm, or threat of harm to a child (Child Maltreatment: Definitions, ,April 20, 2009, para.1). Moreover, some child development experts simply they define child abuse as any act which fails to take care of the children. At present the rate of child abuse incidents increased rapidly and continuing and each child around the world in spite of his /her age, sex, race and religion can fall victim for abuse from the strangers or from member of his/her family. According to Child Protective Service agencies, state in 2001 probable 3 million children were reported as suspected victims of abuse and neglect. They reported that young children are most at risk for being abuse or neglect, and 40% of the victims are under the age of 6 years too (Barent Barnet, 1998) (P1207). Child abuse can include many types, has many causes and its affects the innocent children negatively and leaves deep and permanent marks on them. Child Abuse can happen because of poverty, family stress, abuse of substances (drugs, alcohol ) and psychological problems. Child abuses have different forms. It can be physical, emotional , sexual abuse and neglect. The abusers can be from family or a stranger and those are selected to express their difficulties or problems on the helpless children who are unable to defend themselves. The effects of any types of abuse what ever the cause is severe and various according to the form of abuse. It can be seen on the child, family and community. Causes of Child abuse There are several causes of child abuse. First cause is poverty. It happens when the family does not have the resources to provide or to meet the need of their family members especially children like food, proper dress, education .ect. In some poor countries, number of families tends to sail their children to rich people and some they make them to work in very young age or they just leave them in front of any orphaned door because they are unable to meet their need and this consider as abuse for them. Family as we know is considers as core of safety to all children and it is an important sour of love and care. Family problems are the second cause of child abuse, it can be due to divorce so the child will be separated from the family and because of that a lot of problems raised such as both parents asking for their right to take the child. Moreover, child abuse almost occurs in many families with abused parents were they abused before therefore they are reflecting that on their child ren. Some of the parents are young and they dont know how to deal with difficulties that they face when taken care of a child. The third cause of abuse results because the abusers are taken substances which make them unaware of them self or others around them. Substance abuse is become one of the main reasons for the increasing number of child abuse around the world. Through out different studies it was clear that parents with history of substance abuse, most commonly alcohol, cocaine, and heroin, were more likely to abuse their children. This substance can leads to developing abnormal behaviors by the abuser either they are from family or strangers. The last cause of child abuse can be psychological. Parents who do not have a support community of close friends or relatives living nearby may feel isolated. Some of the family members who are suffering from mental disorders tend to harm the child without knowing Forms of child abuse Child abuse can take different forms physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse and neglect as mention previously. Physical abuse includes scalding, beating or severe physical punishment and it is easiest to identify the dangers of physical abuse. Sexual abuse includes sexual assault, fondling of genital areas, and exposure to indecent acts or involvement in sexual pornography in the net or in some television channels. Sexual abusers steal from a child their childhood. Emotional abuse includes verbal abuse and unfair criticism, terrorizing acts, and lack of nurturance or emotional support. Child neglect can take on a number of different forms. For instance a childs nutritional needs can be ignored, resulting in a deficient diet and, in turn, a failure to thrive. This type of neglect is not necessarily done purposely and it may result because parents have lack of knowledge regarding a healthy diet or from poverty. Physical neglect results when a child is not provided with shelter a nd clothing. Neglect can also come in the form of inadequate medical care, lack of proper supervision, and lack of educational opportunities. Finally, neglect also includes inadequate emotional care, where a child experiences a continuous lack of response to his or her crying or any other behavior in need of a response. A UNICEF report on child well-being stated that the United States and the United Kingdom ranked lowest among industrial nations with respect to the wellbeing of children. This study also found that child neglect and child abuse are far more common in single-parent families than in families where both parents are present. The type of neglect experienced by children can be dependent on the culture in which child lives. For example, in India one problem still faced by many young women is marriage in small age and some time they are still children. Due to extreme poverty, many girls are consider as a financial burden to their families and are in turn forced to marry in e xchange for money. In some cases, young women are sold. As Segal (2001) notes, under both circumstances these children are inevitably physically abused. Based on the above child abuse with its various forms and causes it has several effects too. It can be short, and others are lifelong so it is differ according to the severity of the abuse and its type. Children with a history of abuse are at risk of developing psychiatric problems. Furthermore, new research linked between exposure to child abuse in all its forms and rates of many chronic conditions that adult develops. The strongest evidence comes from the Adverse Childhood Experiences like V. J. Felitti, MD Kaiser Permanente and R. F. Anda, series of studies which show relations between exposure to abuse or neglect and higher rates in adulthood of chronic conditions, high risk health behaviors and shortened live span. The effects of child abuse can be divided into three categories which can be seen in the individual and reflect in the community. These are Emotional effects, physical effects and behavioral. Starting with emotional effects which include low self-esteem, depression a nd anxiety, eating disorders, bad dreams; bed wetting, difficulties in building relationship, isolation, and personality disorders. Physical effects include life threatening injuries, death, lifelong health problems, difficulties in understanding, and physical disabilities. Finally, Behavioral effects that include problems in school the progress of mental development , criminal behavior, pregnancy of girls in small age, suicide attempts, substance abuse, aggressive behavior, abuse others and anger. In conclusion, it is clear that child abuse is a global problem. It occurs due to several causes which can be financial stress and poverty, adult use of alcohol and other drugs, parents are not having basic knowledge of child care and development. In addition adults can abuse children in different ways for example physically, emotionally, sexually and by neglect. So it is important or must be aware of the signs which may leads to abuse and detect it. These characteristic can appear in: Families who are isolated and not involve with the community. Parents who are having history of abused as children. Families who are most of the time facing money problems. Parents who abuse drugs or alcohol so they become impairment caused by being intoxicated. Parents who are very inflexible in disciplining their child. Parents who show too much or too little concern for their child. Parents who feel they have a difficult child. Parents who are under a lot of stress The effect of these problems are found in the child and then in the community as a result. The effects on a child depends on the degree of the abuse is, the greater the abuse, the greater the effect on the child. Abused children also exhibit conditions like difficulty in building up relationships with others so he/she will be isolated from community. A feeling of guilt and anger can be develop and may become abuser him/herself later in adult stage. It is clear that child abuse regardless of its cause leaves more than just bruises or words; it is a matter which needs a greatest attention since it involves the future generation of the world. Not only they will suffer from the physical and mental abuse, they suffer many long-term effects, including delays in developmental, refusal to attend school, separation from community and anxiety disorders. Even though, child abuse is still continuing and complex problem with many causes, we should not build a negative attitude toward its prevention. Therefore everybody responsible in stopping child abuse by reducing if not eliminating the causes yet we feel angry at abuser who can take away a spirit of a child. Around the world there are many agencies with different program trying their best to stop it. This can be done by adapting several plans for example: Preventing and treat individual with substance abuse Parents listening to their children and talk with them. Educating new parents on the parenting skills since Children need to know that they are special, loved and capable of following their dreams. Stopping child abuse when seeing it. Teaching the child the difference between acceptable and unacceptable touching, and to trust their instincts about people. Educating the parents about the signs of abuse so it will be easy to detect it. Children are an important element in any community; they desire a maximum love and care should be given to them without any restrictions. They are deserves a healthy, save childhood and the opportunity to grow up to normally and become contributing adult able to serve and build up a healthy community. We all want to protect them and guide them in the right direction. References Child Abuse Physical Abuse and Neglect, Psychological Maltreatment, Sexual Abuse. Retrieved December 18, 2009, from http://family .jarnk.org/pages/219/child-abuse.html Child Abuse. Retrieved December 18, 2009, from hptt://www.indianchild.com/child_abuse.htm-child Coon, D. (2004). Introduction to psychology, Gateways to Mind and Behavior (Tenth Edition ed.). Hornby, A. (1985). Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary of Current English. Potts, N. L., L.Mandleco, B. (2007). Pediatr ic Nursing, caring for children and Their Families (Second Edition ed.). The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study,Retrieved December 18,2009, from http://www.acestudy.org/ The Relationship between Parental Alcohol, Drug Abuse and Child Maltreatment. Retrieved December 18, 2009, from http://www.childabuse.com/fs14.htm The Reality of Child Abuse cause and effect. (2009). Retrieved December 18, 2009, from http://stopabusega.tripod.com/id6.html United state Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC),child Abuse,. Retrieved December21, 2009, from http://www.cdc.gov/std/stats/pdf/trends2006.pdf What is child abuse and neglect?. Retrieved December 20, 2009, from http://www.orgeon.gov/DHS/children/abuse/abuse-neglect.shtml

Brave New World By Alduos Huxley :: Free Essay Writer

Brave New World By Alduos Huxley Brave New World by Aldous Huxley is a book full of meaning and purpose. Even though it was written in 1932 and wasn’t completely accepted at the time, today people accept it as a work of written genius. The book starts off as telling of mans destiny in the future. It is so far into the future that it isn’t even on the time scale of BC or AD, it is AF. There are no parents, no relatives, and no family history. Children are test tube babies in which they are grown and â€Å"born† in a building and live there and learn until they are old enough to leave and live their own lives. The babies are categorized as Alpha’s, Beta’s, Gamma’s, Delta’s and Epsilons. Alpha’s and Beta’s are high class while Gamma’s Delta’s and Epsilon’s are low class and work at factory like places. The people work to make the babies and to make the society a happy place to live in. The only culture that lives on is English; dead languages are everything else like French and Polish. The only society that still lived on was the Indians. Huxley seemed to make his novel a little debauched. The people in the town took a drug called soma and had sex casually. There were even meetings where a group of people would get together, take soma, say rhymes like â€Å"orgy-porgy† and have an orgy. For the time period this book was written, casual sex was not something accepted by the majority of people. This is one reason why the book wasn’t liked. The way Huxley started with the characters Bernard and Lenina made it seem like something big was going to happen to them at the end. Bernard was kind of a rebel from his society by not wanting to take soma and have sex with a different girl every night. And Lenina was the girl of Bernard’s fancy, who he wanted to be with, but Lenina agreed with the consumption of soma and having sex all the time. When Bernard and Lenina went to New Mexico for a holiday, they met some Indians or â€Å"savages†. But for some odd reason they met two English or â€Å"civilized† people there. A woman was left there by a man who was now England’s Director, and she got pregnant with his baby, John, who had a tormented childhood from the Indian children for his race and his mother who still lived with the civilized idea of casual sex, which the Indians did not.

Agora Swot Anlysis Competitive Advantage

Agora the brand name of Rahimafrooz Group is the first super shop chain in our country launched in 2000. The mission was to fulfill the everyday shopping needs of the urban peoples through fair price, right assortment, and best quality. The success was immediate as there was a demand for such business in the local market. And over time the number of outlets increased and currently there are nine outlets at Dhaka and one outlet in Chittagong. Many people thought that the name of the company is Agora. But actually, Agora is just the brand name. Agora is a Greek word, which means a marketplace where the people would meet together and talk. Company thought the environment at Agora should be nice and clean so that people will not only shop there but also want to stay and meet with other peoples there. And so they named the shops Agora. Their logo has a very interesting appeal and it contains the benefits being offered to the customers. The name is written in green color which is the color of freshness. A woman presumably a homemaker has happily finished all her shopping from under one roof is seen too. The statement says everyday quality shopping. It is very well thought out and gives a summary of what Agora is all about. SWOT Analysis of Agora: A SWOT analysis of Rahimafrooz Superstores Limited will show the internal and external factors. Some of these factors affect positively while some of them effects negatively. Important decisions can be taken after SWOT analysis. Strengths: 1. Established brand name. 2. Pioneer in the industry. 3. Concerned about quality factor than other super shop (Competitive advantage). 4. It is the largest retailer, both by local sales and by domestic market share. 5. Experienced top level management. 6. Wide product range. 7. Quicker and accurate costing process. 8. Effective and reliable supply chain. 9. Successful implementation of SAP (Standard Application Software) ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) the modules are: Financial and Controlling, Material Management and Selling and Distribution. 10. Effective training modules for employees, suppliers. 11. Agora is committed to sustaining and growing as the most trusted, loved and frequented retail chain 12. Agora believes in providing very good service to its consumers. 13. The technological development is very frequent. Weaknesses: 1. High price of products. 2. Poor financial position. 3. Less number of shops. 4. No or very less advertising. 5. Lower amount of CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) activities. 6. In the mid-2000 Agora faced many cost problems associated with not properly integrating it’s purchased chains of store. 7. Still lack of competitive strength. Mainly in placement. 8. Supply and distribution of foreign products are very poor and so people can’t get unique foreign products in Agora but can be found in other mega shops like Meena Bazar, Lavender etc. 9. Customer Service technology is less attractive . 10. Market development in other cities is relatively poor as only Chittagong has Agora outlet. 11. Poor reliability of data, and plan predictability. 12. Counter management system relatively poorer than competitors. 13. Sometimes they gave offer to capture the General Customer bt they cant do that for their Bad system or service. 14. Struggles with preparing budget which was not very effective and management wants budget that would give better results. Opportunities: 1. Providing sponsorship to emerging agricultural business. Ex: strawberry was grown in Panchagar and Agora took all the responsibility for sales and it made a profit. . The largest retailer in Dhaka leaving behind PQS, Meena Bazar, Nandan Mega Shop, Pacific, Pick and Pay, Etc, Shop & Save, Lavender and others. 3. They created a life style trends by offering various types of products to its customers while maintaining high quality. 4. Big growth in developing market with nine outlets in Dhaka and one in Chittagong 5. New USP (Unique Selling Process) is the care for the quality has given Agora a big competitive advantage. 6. Agora conducts research and modifies their strategy according to the actions of competitors. 7. Agora provides product and service according to the seasonal, weather and fashion influences. For example, they provide chemical less fruits packages for summer season, provides instant made hygienic â€Å"Pitha† in winter and also provides CP chicken inside Agora as it’s been a trend now a days. 8. Recently bought PQS, one of its competitors to capture the customers those are interested to buy products from their nearest place. 9. Agora now comes together with bKash with a state-of-the-art payment platform that allows transactions via mobile phones, such that customers will not need cash or credit cards for payment at Agora points of sales. 0. Agora constantly launches attractive promotions like Bazimat, Value Week or Super Value Offer or Diamond Ring Offer. And a regular discount and points system attracts the customers to be more loyal. 11. With the SAP software system, there would be the capacity to enter newer products in the system. This would enable Rahimafrooz S uperstores to increase their product line, which they have wanted to do for a long time, because they were losing customers to their competitors and other big shops. Threats: 1. Fierce and unhealthy competition. 2. Threat of new competitors. 3. Surprisingly some popular local products and new products to arrive in the market, both foreign and local were not available. 4. Political instability in the country (continuous hartals). 5. In the recent years Agora had to be careful about delivering formalin free fresh food from the suppliers. 6. Many online stores are now entering the market. 7. As agora is primarily concentrated on food, it can be easily effected by the seasons and weather within the country. 8. Is faced with the need to increase the number of outlets throughout the country. 9. Agora must integrate more products according to the needs of its increasing number of onsumers keeping in mind their changes of lifestyle and preferences. 10. The competitors have responded to wide range of products and lower price. 11. Counters are not sufficient in shops so huge line occurs in the pick hours. 12. Some competitors are now in the market with more advanced Information Technology. 13. Agora can’t fulfill the demand of foreign and unique vegetables for the customers. 14. No home delivery system for loyal customers. Competitive Advantage: The relationship between a firm's environmental opportunities and threats on the one hand, and its internal strengths and weaknesses on the other is the competitive advantage. This traditional logic suggests that if Agora use their internal strengths in exploiting environmental opportunities and neutralizing environmental threats, while avoiding internal weaknesses, are more likely to gain competitive advantages than other kinds of firms. Agora super shop has one main competitive advantage. It is explained bellow: Agora was the first ever chain shop in the country which seceded in changing the people’s behavior towards the traditional shopping experience. Being the pioneer in its field, it has the trust and loyalty of its early consumers. It also has more experience in the field than its competitors. It has a strong brand image and therefore can charge higher price from the consumers in exchange of better quality products and better shopping environment. Agora on the other hand is constantly advocating about quality. The subtitle for Agora is â€Å"Enriching Lives with Your Trust†. The reason for asking a little higher price from the customer is the quality factor, which they are so concerned about. We think this care for the quality has given Agora a big competitive advantage. This is somewhat a unique selling approach taken by Agora. Bibliography: 1. SAP AG: To manage business operations and customer relations. Retrieved from: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/SAP_AG 2. About Rahimafrooz: aspirations, vision, values, quality policy. Retrieved from: http://www. rahimafrooz. com/tabid/65/Default. aspx 3. Agora – Supermarket Chain & Superstore in Bangladesh. Retrieved from: http://www. reportbd. com/articles/149/1/Agora—Supermarket-Chain-amp-Superstore-in-Bangladesh/Page1. html 4. A report of agora. bd Rahimafrooz Superstores Ltd. Retrieved from: http://bdmoneyidea. wordpress. com/2010/08/04/a-report-of-agora-bd-rahimafrooz-superstores-ltd-created-by-bubt-student-part-01/ 5. Agora BD super shop. Retrieved from: Online Dhaka Guide : http://www. online-dhaka. com/1_8_17507_0-agora-bd-super-shop-dhaka-city. html 6. Competitive Advantage. Retrieved from: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Competitive_advantage 7. Agora- A new way to shop. Retrieved from: Bangladesh Inside, http://bdinside. net/? p=50 8. Agora-Facebook. Retrieved from: https://www. facebook. com/Agora. Rahimafrooz 9. Rahimaafrooz Superstores. Retrieved from: http://www. rahimafrooz. com/OurBusinesses/Companies/RahimafroozSuperstoresLtd/tabid/112/Default. aspx

The Scarlett Letter essays

The Scarlett Letter essays Hawthorne handles his flirtation with the supernatural in various ways and I feel that they are expressed through three themes and those themes are wildness, the scarlet color, and honesty. Many times with in the story pearl is regarded as being a wild child and fitting in with nature or being an elf child. When Dimmesdale finally admits that Pearl is his child it is if that wildness leaves and pearl becomes a normal human with feelings. The scarlet color is most notably associated with the scarlet letter on Hesters heart but it goes beyond that. The scarlet color is seen in various instances and that is all thanks to the various supernatural events in the book. Honesty is also a main theme in the book that is related to being supernatural, through the entire story Pearl is cautious around Dimmesdale and detects various awkward things about him and that is because he has wet to acknowledge Pearl in public. Often times within the book Pearl is regarded as being wild but that is not wildness starts. Wildness starts when Chillingworth first enters the story and he talks of how he has learned various things in the woods with the Indians. Often times when Hester goes to talk she will tell Pearl to go and play in the forest. Pearl has no problems finding amusement in the forest she often imitates her mothers Scarlet Letter. When Hester and Dimmesdale make the plans to escape New England Pearl is told to go off and play. When Hester calls out for Pearl it is if Pearl will not respond and that is because it seems as if Pearl is one with the forest. Dimmesdale even makes the comment that Pearl must be left behind and that is because the stream is the boundary between two world and Pearl can not cross the stream. During one episode of Pearl playing in the forest she is throwing stones and hits and injures a bird. She stops and is saddened by the fact that she could hurt something as wild as h erself. ...

Whats Actually Tested on the SAT Reading Section SAT Reading Skills

What's Actually Tested on the SAT Reading Section SAT Reading Skills SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips "The more that you read, the more things you will know. The more that you learn, the more places you'll go." Heed the wise words of Dr. Seuss, and get reading! The more you practice reading SAT passages, the better you'll perform on the SAT Reading section. This article goesover everything on the SAT Reading section, including the new evidence-based and data interpretation questions, so you know exactly what to expect. First, how is the SAT Reading section formatted? Format of the SAT Reading Section Reading is the first section of the SAT. It's 65 minutes long, and asks a total of 52 questions. All of these questions are multiple choice and have four answer choices, A, B, C, and D. The questions are all based on passages- four individual passages and one set of paired passages. This chart shows the time, questions, and time per question on the Reading section. Section Time in Minutes # of Questions Time per question Reading 65 52 75 seconds You'll answer 10 to 12 questions on each passage or set of paired passages, and one or more of the passages might be accompanied by a graphic, like a chart, bar graph, or scatterplot. These passages will ask data interpretation questions that relate to the graphic. In addition to knowing how many questions you'll get on Reading and how long you have to answer them, you can also have a general sense of what the passages will be like. Read on for a full overview of the types of passages on the Reading section of the SAT. Types of SAT Reading Passages While you can't predict exactly where your passages will come from, you can know the genre from which each was selected. You'll get just one passage from U.S. or World Literature. Two will be from the field of History or Social Studies, and two with deal with Science. Each passage, or set of paired passages combined, will have about 500 to 750 words. As mentioned above, one or two of them will also feature a graph, table, or chart related to the content of the passage. Paired passages often discuss the same topic or theme, but approach it from a different perspective.Questions that go with paired passages will often ask you to compare or contrast, or to consider what one author would think about the other author's point of view. Beyond familiarizing yourself with the structure of the Reading section, you can prepare by learning about the different question types.We've identified eight. Eight question types, you say? Owl have to start studying! 8 Types of SAT Reading Questions College Board would probably never say its questions can be categorized by type. It suggests that students should take a holisticapproach and just try reading the passages the best they can. This kind of free-for-all approach won't take you veryfar, though. Through carefully analyzingthe test, we've found eight specific question types that appear throughout the Reading section. Below you'll find a description of each type, along with examples of each borrowed from College Board's official SAT practice tests. #1: Big Picture / Main Point Big picture questions ask you about the overall purpose or message of the passage. What's the passageabout? What's it trying to accomplish? Is the passage trying to inform, review, contradict, prove, parody, or hypothesize? What's the point, anyway? Here's an example of a big picture/main point question selected from College Board's SAT Practice Test #2. It actually refers to a set of paired passages, so it requires you to understand the main point of two passages. The main purpose of each passage is to A) compare brain function in those who play games on the Internet and those who browse on it. B) report on the problem-solving skills of individuals with varying levels of Internet experience. C) take a position on increasing financial support for studies related to technology and intelligence. D) make an argument about the effects of electronic media use on the brain. #2: Little Picture / Detail These questions will usually refer to a specific line or two within a passage and ask you about a specific detail. Every fifth line in the passage is numbered, so you should be able to locate a detail quickly. These questionsmight relate to function or author technique, which you'll learn about below, but they tend to refer to a particular line or phrase. This example of a little picture/detail question is also taken from SAT Practice Test #2. Check it out if you want to see the passage and remaining questions! Stanton uses the phrase â€Å"high carnival† (line 15) mainly to emphasize what she sees as the A) utter domination of women by men. B) freewheeling spirit of the age. C) scandalous decline in moral values. D) growing power of women in society. #3: Inference These questions ask you to interpret the meaning of a line, paragraph, or the whole passage. These won't be too subjective or ambiguous, as there can only be one correct answer. It can reasonably be inferred that â€Å"the strong-minded† (line 32) was a term generally intended to A) praise women who fight for their long-denied rights. B) identify women who demonstrate intellectual skill. C) criticize women who enter male-dominated professions. D) condemn women who agitate for the vote for their sex. #4: Vocabulary in Context Vocabulary questions ask you about the meaning of a specific word. Sometimes these words are actually pretty common, but they might be being used in an unusual way within the context of the passage. Like detail questions, vocabulary in context questions will refer you to a specific line within the text, like in the following example. As used in line 36, â€Å"best† most nearly means A) superior. B) excellent. C) genuine. D) rarest. As you're reading, remember that every word, phrase, and sentence has its own important function. #5: Function Function questions tend to be similar to detail questions, but they specifically refer to how a phrase or sentence works within a passage. They want to know what effect a detail has on the passage, like in the belowsample question. The analogy in the final sentence of Passage 2 has primarily which effect? A) It uses ornate language to illustrate a difficult concept. B) It employs humor to soften a severe opinion of human behavior. C) It alludes to the past to evoke a nostalgic response. D) It criticizes the view of a particular group. #6: Author Technique In addition to reading the text closely, you'll also want to think about how the author wrote. For these questions, you might describe the author's tone, style, voice, attitude, or perspective. As you read above, you'll typically get asked to compare author techniques in questions that follow paired passages. They tend to show up after single passages, as well. If the passage consists of prose, as in a passage from US or Word Literature, then these questions will ask about the narrator's style, purpose, or technique, as in the following example. During the course of the first paragraph, the narrator’s focus shifts from A) recollection of past confidence to acknowledgment of present self-doubt. B) reflection on his expectations of life as a tradesman to his desire for another job. C) generalization about job dissatisfaction to the specifics of his own situation. D) evaluation of factors making him unhappy to identification of alternatives. #7: Evidence Support Evidence support questions don't stand on their own. Rather, they refer back to any of the previous question types and ask you to provide evidence for your answer. Let's say you answer an inference question. Then you might get an evidence support question that asks you which lines within the passage provided the reason behind your answer. These evidence-support questions are common throughout the Reading section. Here's an example of an author technique question, followed by an evidence support question. 1. In the passage, the author anticipates which of the following objections to criticizing the ethics of free markets? A) Smith’s association of free markets with ethical behavior still applies today. B) Free markets are the best way to generate high profits, so ethics are a secondary consideration. C) Free markets are ethical because they are made possible by devalued currency. D) Free markets are ethical because they enable individuals to make choices. 2. Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question? A) Lines 4-5 (â€Å"Some... ethical†) B) Lines 7-10 (â€Å"But... about†) C) Lines 21-22 (â€Å"Smith... outcome†) D) Lines 52-54 (â€Å"When... way†) #8: Data Interpretation The final question type you'll encounter on the Reading section is data interpretation. These questions refer to graphics, like graphs and charts, and ask you to interpret the information presented therein. Often, data interpretation questions ask how the graphic relates to the passage. The graph in the example below accompanies a Science passage about ocean waves. There are actually three questionsthat ask about the graph, but I'll just show you two of them. 1. Which concept is supported by the passage and by the information in the graph? A) Internal waves cause water of varying salinity to mix. B) Internal waves push denser water above layers of less dense water. C) Internal waves push bands of cold water above bands of warmer water. D) Internal waves do not rise to break the ocean’s surface. 2. How does the graph support the author’s point that internal waves affect ocean water dynamics? A) It demonstrates that wave movement forces warmer water down to depths that typically are colder. B) It reveals the degree to which an internal wave affects the density of deep layers of cold water. C) It illustrates the change in surface temperature that takes place during an isolated series of deep waves. D) It shows that multiple waves rising near the surface of the ocean disrupt the flow of normal tides. You can see how these types of questions draw on certain reading comprehension skills, like your ability to interpret details and find the main point, to understand vocabulary in context, to analyze the sequence and flow of ideas, and to interpret the author's technique and purpose. Furthermore, the evidence support questions make sure that you're backing up your answers with evidence direct from the text. Being able to recognize the question type will help you draw on the right skills to answer it. It will also help you root out wrong answers and effectively use process of elimination to find the one 100% correct answer. Want to learn more about the SAT but tired of reading blog articles? Then you'll love our free, SAT prep livestreams. Designed and led by PrepScholar SAT experts, these live video events are a great resource for students and parents looking to learn more about the SAT and SAT prep. Click on the button below to register for one of our livestreams today! Let's talk about some other key strategies you can use to succeed on the Reading section of the SAT. Alright, cadet- ready to start basic training? How to Study for SAT Reading First off, you don't want to have any surprises on test day. Knowing exactly what to expect, in terms of the types of passages and questions, how much time you have, and what skills you need to demonstrate, is a great way to start preparing for the Reading section. So if you've made it this far in the article, then you've already completed an important first step in your SAT Reading prep! Read on for a few more tips for prepping for this first and longest section of the SAT. Speed Up Your Reading With five passages and 52 questions in only 65 minutes, the Reading section of the SAT asks you to cover a lot of ground and maintain focus for over an hour. Since you’ll get the Reading section in one big chunk, you’re responsible for balancing your time amongfive passages. You’ll have to read deeply yet efficiently and find that balance between working fast while still catching important details. If this feels scary to you, don’t despair! There are lots of reading strategies you can practice before sitting for the real test. Rather than trying to catch each and every word, for instance, you might pay most attention to the introduction, conclusion, and transitions between paragraphs, and skim the rest. Other students find it helps them to read the questions first, so they know what to look for. There are a few different strategies for reading the passages, so you should learn about them and try out each one. Everyone’s different, so you should choose the strategies that work best for you. The more you practice with timed tests, the more efficient you’ll become. Then when you actually sit down to take the real SAT, you’ll feel confident about managing your time and getting to all 52 questions before the proctor calls time. Search for Evidence The SAT is meant to test you on skills, not knowledge. You don’t have to know anything about a topic before answering questions on it on the Reading section. In fact, having pre-existing knowledge could even get in your way. Rather than asking you to recall facts and figures, the Reading questions are entirely based on passages. As such, your answers should be based directly on the words in front of you. When you choose your answers, make sure that you can point to specific lines as evidence that your answer’s the right one. The new evidence-based questions on the SAT are, in some sense, a blessing in disguise. They serve as a useful reminder that all of your answers should be based on the words in front of you. Evidence-support questions explicitly ask you to provide the lines that served as the basis of your answer to a previous question. Even if a Reading question’s not followed by one of these evidence support items, it’s a good idea to do the same sort of mental check. Ask yourself, what am I basing my answer off of? If you think you’re answering based on anything other than the words in the passage in front of you, then you might want to double check your thinking. Use Process of Elimination While some questions will be easier than others, most have at least one answer that’s obviously wrong. Using process of elimination to zero in on the most reasonable answer can be a helpful strategy in the Reading section, especially in situations where you feel unsure. While some questions may feel subjective because they ask you to make an inference or evaluate an opinion, they will always only ever have one 100% correct answer. All of the other answer choices, even if they seem reasonable upon first read, will be problematic in some way. If the right answer doesn’t pop out to you right away, try to use process of elimination to look for these errors in logic. It should help you narrow down your choices by at least one or two. If you really have no idea or are spending too much time on an answer, at that point, you could at least make an educated guess. The rights-only scoring means that you won’t lose any points with a wrong answer, so you have a better choice of upping your score than you would if you left it blank. Remember that words can be chameleons. They might look totally different in different contexts. Study Multiple Meaning Words You’ll find â€Å"words in context† questions after every passage on the Reading section. As you saw in the example above, these questions ask you to define or give a synonym for a word from the passage. The catch? You have to understand â€Å"how the word is being used† in a specific line. All of the answer choices might be reasonable synonyms for the word under consideration. You need to understand the connotation of the word in its particular context. You won’t encounter particularly obscure or high level vocabulary terms. Instead, the words will be relatively common, but they’ll likely have different meanings in different contexts. You can prepare for these questions by studying relevant vocabulary lists and sharpening your ability to divine the meaning of a word based on context clues. Brush Up on Literary Terms While you won’t encounter a ton of high level literary terminology- again, the Reading section is meant to test skills, not knowledge or memorization- you should be familiar with the basics. Review key terms like style, tone, attitude, and theme. Even more importantly, make sure you understand how to describe those parts of a work of prose or nonfiction. To answer these types of questions, you’ll need to be able to pick up on the theme, central argument, or overall tone of a piece of writing. Practice Data Interpretation As you saw above, one or more of the passages will be accompanied by a graphic. You’ll be asked to interpret data from a graph, chart, or table. You might get a bar graph, line graph, scatterplot, pie chart, or table, and you’ll need to know how to read it. Again, you won’t need preexisting knowledge on the topic, but rather the ability to comprehend information before you. You’ll find these data interpretation questions on College Board’s official practice tests and Khan Academy’s online program. You’ll also find them in prep materials from books or PrepScholar’s online program. If you feel like you’re running low on materials, you might try practicing with ACT Science questions. These will all represent scientific data, but they will give you practice interpreting data from graphics and relating it to accompanying passages. In fact, this skill will help you on the entire SAT, as you’ll find data interpretation questions on the Reading, Writing, and Math sections. Read Widely Finally, as the wise Dr. Seuss encouraged us, read daily and read widely to enhance your critical reading and comprehension skills. The Reading section doesn’t just give you prose passages as you might be used to in English literature classes. It also gives you scientific and historical texts that are nonfiction or argument-based. Practice reading from a variety of genres to get used to different styles. Taking timed SAT practice tests will also help you sharpen your reading skills and get used to switching quickly between subjects and writing styles. While it’s more difficult to measure, your reading skills will only improve through frequent practice. And being a skilled reader is what doing well on the Reading section of the SAT is all about! What's Next? Are you a big reader or looking to study the humanities or social sciences in college? If you're aiming for a top score, then you should check out these strategies by a perfect scorer for how to score an 800 in Reading. With 52 questions in only 65minutes, how are you going to balance your time between reading and answering questions? This article breaks down the best approach for reading the passages. Are you planning to take the optional essay section? This guide goes over exactly how to write an SAT essay, step by step. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? Check out our best-in-class online SAT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your SAT score by 160 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get thousands of practice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We also have expert instructors who can grade every one of your practice SAT essays, giving feedback on how to improve your score. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Career management in business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Career management in business - Essay Example Please identify ONE strength and ONE weakness only, and provide detailed supporting evidence.† 1.1 Career aspirations Short term career aspirations: -I have working skills in sales, supply chain, finance training and effective customer services. - I have certification in human resource management and I am beginning to build my successful career as professional human resource manager in banking services and activities. - I learn constantly; hence I believe that an organization that offers internal and external opportunities will contribute to effective organizational development. -I like interacting with everyone on professional issues; thus I believe that a better career in HRM will offer me this opportunity to explore my skills. Therefore, I will like to recognize all facets including pension services, recruitment process, employee relations and benefits in an organization. Medium: -I will utilize my knowledge or experience and available resources in order to find the innovati ve or creative solutions to business issues. -I will continue improving and expanding my skills in the expertise field through finding the linkages or relationships among various fields. -I will train and mentor the followers in a manner that can enable them to become productive in the organization. -I will learn and understand the cultural beliefs of other people in order to understand the way business activities and use of technology will be impacted by the cultural beliefs. Understanding organizational culture is essential because it will contribute to successful organizational performance. Long term: -I hope in the 4 years from now, I will achieve managerial position and develop a strong team to lead. Therefore, I believe that I can achieve this through hard work and continuous self development with laying a strong emphasis on improving my professional profile. -I will work with the creative and innovative team in the future in order to develop passionate on the way they handle various task in the organization. This is significant because they will enable me to develop effective skills for achieving my career objectives successfully. Singh (2010, p.34) argues that carrying out research and learning innovative or creative ideas is significant. This is because they contribute towards organizational success. - I will develop an action plan for tracking changes in the workplace environment through learning and talent development; thus creating organizational change. Management action plan is significant because it will enable the organization to create transformation and improve organizational performance in the future. 1.2 Skills required/demanded in your chosen occupation/role -Develop experience in Human resource management, training skills, financial management skills, sales management skills and logistics as well as good leadership skills. Bass, Bass and Bass (2008, p. 56) argues that successful HRM should develop effective earning skills and adopt succes sful leadership theories for management. Employing effective leadership skill is effective because it will enable the HRM to meet the organization objectives effectively; thus creating business change or value. - Developing creative strategic leadership skills is required in the organization. There have been extraordinary heave of concern in business leadership activities in the current banking industries. This is specially the effective skills that